Archaeology in the immensity of Oaxaca: Monte Albán

The archaeological site of Monte Albán, Oaxaca, is one of the most extraordinary in Mexico, not only because it houses the ruins of one of the largest Mesoamerican cities that ever existed.

This pre-Columbian city was founded in 500 BC and served as the Zapotec capital until 800 AD. Located 8 km from city of Oaxaca de Juárez, in the Central Valleys of the state, it is not only the largest in the region but also represents the religion, politics, and economy that the Zapotecs exercised for more than thirteen centuries.

While its original name remains unknown, some refer to Monte Albán as Danibaan, meaning “Sacred Mountain,” or “Hill of the Jaguar,” to name just a few.

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Interesting Facts about the Archaeology of Monte Albán, Oaxaca

The archaeology of Monte Albán, Oaxaca, is so impressive that it was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, along with the Historic Center of Oaxaca City. This designation reflects its status as one of the largest cities of the period, with an estimated population of around 35,000 inhabitants, whose main activity was agriculture.

According to INAH specialists, the first houses were constructed using readily available materials like branches, beams, and straw. However, over time, they transitioned to more durable materials such as stone, adobe, and stucco. This shift in construction methods enabled their expansion.

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In addition, many stone figures known as Danzantes were erected, depicting nude figures. The most popular interpretation suggests that they represent castrated shamans in a state of trance or captives who were sacrificed. Some hypotheses even propose that these sculptures simulate the jaguar, a symbol of the virtues of the governors.

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Explore the Zapotec culture in depth at the site museum

The Museum of Monte Albán serves as a key reference for understanding the Zapotec world. Here, you can learn about its architecture, chronology, ceramics, writing, trade, and funerary practices from experts in the field.

Additionally, within the archaeological zone, you can see stepped platforms, residential palaces, elegant tombs, water management and storage systems, ball game structures, and numerous monuments related to astronomy.

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Likewise, in Monte Albán, Oaxaca, you can find magnificent pieces, including a collection of engraved stelae that illustrate the development of its writing system throughout its occupation.

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Monte Albán was undoubtedly a significant city of importance and culture during the pre-Hispanic period and continues to impress us today with its spectacular views and the archaeology found at the site.

Don’t wait any longer—immerse yourself in one of the most emblematic cities of Mesoamerica and its surroundings.

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